2020

Measuring Planes for extracting accurate measurements We are going to talk about the lines, axes, and measuring body planes that are considered while taking measurements. The precise location of the landmarks and position of various reference points for the rationale of taking body measurements can be best understood by first getting familiar with different measuring planes and axis of the body.   The cardinal planes of the body Sagittal plane or anteroposterior plane Coronal or Frontal Anthropometry plane Transverse or axial plane Oblique Plane    The sagittal plane or anteroposterior plane is the plane that is parallel to the vertical plane and divides the whole body into two parts, right and left.  A median plane is a plane that passes longitudinally through the middle of the body from front to back in such a way that it divides the body into right and left halves. Landmark/Measurement Measured along Plane 3D Measure Up Metric Mid Eyebrow Ridge Mid-Sagittal Plane Centre Point Of Brow Ridge (214) Nose Mid-Sagittal Plane Nose Point (201) Chin Mid-Sagittal Plane Lowest Point Of Chin (202) Adam’s Apple Mid-Sagittal Plane Adam’s Apple (209) Front Neck Point Mid-Sagittal Plane Front Neck Point (203) Back Neck point Mid-Sagittal Plane Back Neck Point (219) Center of Chest Mid-Sagittal Plane Centre Chest Point (204) Crotch Point Mid-Sagittal Plane Crotch Point (236) Crotch Length Mid-Sagittal Plane Total Crotch Length(307) Underbust to Hip length Mid-Sagittal Plane Underbust-Hip (306) Scye Depth Mid-Sagittal Plane Scye Depth Length (308) Back neck point to waist Mid-Sagittal Plane Back Neck Point To Waist (309) Front neck point to waist Mid-Sagittal Plane Front Neck Point To Waist (310) Back neck point to knee Mid-Sagittal Plane Back Neck Point To Knee (327) Back neck point to Ground Mid-Sagittal Plane Back Neck Point To Ground (328)   Parasagittal planes are parallel to the median plane. These measuring planes are used to identify landmarks at the intersection with the body surface, coronal plane  or transverse planes Coronal or Frontal Anthropometry plane: The measuring plane which is at a right angle to the sagittal plane and dividing the body into front and rear parts is the frontal plane.  Measurement/Landmark Measured along plane 3D Measure Up Metric Left Side Neck point Mid-Coronal plane Left Side Neck Point (218) Right Side Neck point Mid-Coronal plane Right Side Neck Point (217) Right Shoulder Mid-Coronal plane Right Shoulder Point (211) Left Shoulder Mid-Coronal plane Left Shoulder Point (210) Left Tragion Mid-Coronal plane Left Tragion Point (212) Right Tragion Mid-Coronal plane Right Tragion Point (213) Right Outer Ankle point Mid-Coronal plane Right Outer Ankle Point (224) Left Outer Ankle point Mid-Coronal plane Left Outer Ankle Point (225) Crotch Mid-Coronal plane Left Shoulder Length Mid-Coronal plane Left Shoulder Length (301) Right Shoulder length Mid-Coronal plane Right Shoulder Length (302) Left side waist to hip length Mid-Coronal plane Left Side Waist To Hip (311) Right side waist to hip length Mid-Coronal plane Right Side Waist To Hip (312)   Transverse or axial plane: This plane is at right angles to the sagittal and transverse planes dividing the body into the upper and lower part. Measurements along this plane are typically girths or circumferences. Transverse planes are also inserted at different levels of the body like the head, neck, chest, waist, hip, thigh, and knee.  Measurement/Landmark Measured along the transverse plane 3D Measure Up Metric Head End Head End Head End (102) Neck End Neck End Neck End (103) Shoulder circumference Shoulder Shoulder (104) Chest Chest Chest (105) Chest End Chest End Chest End (106) Belly Belly Belly (107) Waist Waist Waist (108) Hip/Butt Butt Butt (109) Crotch Crotch Crotch (110) Thigh Thigh Left Thigh (141), Right Thigh (142) Mid Thigh Mid Thigh Left Mid Thigh (111), Right Mid Thigh (112) Knee Knee Right Knee (113), Left Knee (114) Mid Calf Mid Calf Left Mid Calf (115), Right Mid Calf (116) Ankle Ankle Left Ankle (117), Right Ankle (118)   Transverse planes on the limbs are perpendicular to the axis of the part of the limb. The wrist and forearm circumferences are perpendicular to the axis of joining the wrist and elbow. The bicep circumference is perpendicular to the axis of joining the armpit point and the elbow. The oblique plane divides the body at an angle between the horizontal and vertical planes. The oblique plane passes through two or more landmarks at different levels or angles. The oblique plane is used to define measurements like slopes and tilts. Note: The position of a landmark may shift away from its plane depending on the posture of the person. Measuring Planes for extracting accurate measurements 3D Measure Up web application enables you to explore the above landmarks and measurements device. Click here to signup for a free trial of 3D Measure Up, or contact us at 3dmeasureup@prototechsolutions.com. If you think integrating such a technology could be a game-changer for you, feel free drop in mail Author: Pankaj C. Contact us: 3dmeasureup@prototechsolutions.com 3D Measure Up

ISO Standards related to body measurements Over the last 200 years, Body composition methods have been used to obtain standardized measurements of the human body. One of the most common assessments are Anthropomorphic measurements which involve the size (e.g., height, weight, surface area, and volume), structure (e.g., sitting vs. standing height, shoulder and hip width, arm/leg length, and neck circumference), and composition (e.g., percentage of body fat, water content, and lean body mass) of humans. This article addresses different ISO standards used for 3D Body scanning in the acquisition of human body shape data and measurements that can be extracted from 3-D scans which ensure quality and easy exchange of information, design, and products. Start Trial For 3D Measure Up Application Explore different relevant metrics from 3D Body scans. ISO 13688: 2013 defines general compliance specifications for ergonomics, health, size quality, aging, compatibility, and marking of protective clothing as well as details to be supplied by the manufacturer of protective clothes. The International Standard is meant to be used only in combination with other standards including specific protective performance criteria just not on a stand-alone basis. ISO 7250-1: 2017 defines anthropometric measures that can be used as a base for population group comparisons and anthropometric database creation (see ISO 15535). The basic list of measurements specified in this document is intended to serve as a reference to ergonomists, who are expected to identify population groups and apply their knowledge to the geometric design of the places where people work and reside. In addition, the list serves as a basis for extracting one- and two-dimensional dimensions from tri-dimensional scans (as defined in ISO 20685). This acts as a reference about how to take anthropometric measures that also provide the ergonomist and designer with details on the anatomical and anthropometric bases and measuring criteria that are implemented throughout the design task solutions. ISO 8559-1: 2017 provides a description of anthropometric measures that can be used as a basis for creating anthropometric physical and digital databases The list of measures specified in this document is intended to serve as a guide for clothing practitioners who are required to use their expertise to identify segments of the population market and to create size and shape profiles for the creation of all styles of clothing and their equal fit mannequins. The document offers a guide on how to take anthropometric measurements, as well as providing information on the measuring standards and their basic anatomical and anthropometric bases for textile product creation teams and appropriate mannequin manufacturers. ISO 8559-2: 2017 specifies the primary and secondary measurements for different types of garments to be used under ISO 8559-1 (Body Size Anthropometric Definitions). The primary aim of this document is to establish a size designation system that can be used by manufacturers and retailers to identify the body proportions of the person the garment is meant to suit customers (in a clear, straightforward, and effective manner). Considering the size of the person's body (as indicated by the specified dimensions) is calculated in compliance with ISO 8559-1, this classification scheme should encourage the procurement of appropriate garments. The labeling will indicate this detail, etc. The size designation system is based on body measurements, not garment measurements. The choice of garment measurements is normally determined by the designer and the manufacturers who make appropriate allowances to accommodate the type and position of wear, style, cut, and fashion elements of the garment. ISO 8559-3: 2018 illustrates the principles of the establishment of tables for body measurements, defines the categories of tables (related to intervals), and lists the population groups (infants, girls, boys, children, women, men) and sub-groups to be used for developing ready-to-wear garments. The body measurement tables and intervals are mainly used by the clothing sector to make the development of well-fitting products easier and more accurate.The approach mentioned is focused primarily on the application of statistical analysis, using data from body dimensions. The statistical standard was deliberately held to a low level for making the content readily comprehensible to the widest readership possible. This methodology applies to various sets of body dimensions. It can be useful to determine intervals for the size designation as described in ISO 8559-2. Values in the tables in this document are examples. Garment dimensions are not included in this document. It is necessary to use a general approach providing inbuilt flexibility, to keep the whole sizing system capable of adapting to changes (e.g. demographic criteria), because body shape and proportions for anyone targeted population group differ significantly. NOTE ISO 15535 can be convenient for recording and organizing the population data. ISO 4418: 1978 The primary purpose of this and other International Standards in this series is to establish a size designation system that indicates (in a clear, straightforward and substantive manner) the person's body size to which a garment is intended. Provided that the shape of the person's body has been accurately determined (as shown by the appropriate dimensions), this system should facilitate the choosing of suitable garments. The size designation system is based on body and not garment measurements. Choice of garment measurements is normally left to the designer and the manufacturer, who are concerned with style, cut and other fashion elements, and who must make due allowance for garments normally worn beneath a specific garment. ISO 20685-1: 2018 discusses protocols for the use of 3-D surface scanning systems to acquire data and measurements of the human body shape defined in ISO 7250-1 that can be extracted from 3-D scans. While mainly concerned with whole-body scanners, it is also applicable to body-segment scanners (head scanners, hand scanners, foot scanners). It does not apply to instruments that measure the location and/or motion of individual landmarks. The expected audience is those who use 3-D scanners to create 1-D anthropometric databases and the users of 1-D anthropometric data from 3-D scanners. Although not necessarily aimed at the designers and manufacturers of those systems, scanner designers and manufacturers can find it useful in meeting the needs

Capture Your Moments in 3D This beautiful world and the entities that we see in it are perceived in the form of dimensions. The three main dimensions in space being length, width, and depth. These three parameters make up an object that we see. Though many scientists argue that there’s more than meets the eyes, and suggest up to 10 dimensions to be in existence. But for time being, let us understand the dimensions that we humans can perceive i.e. the three spatial dimensions. Whatever the human eyes see, the mind makes an impression of it called the memory and to pass it to others, we rely on images drawn based on those memories. The images on a paper or other such medium are a great way to represent the actual entities, but still a bit far from real. So artists would use shading or adding thickness to lines and block letters as a technique to represent the depth and called it 3D drawing. As technology advanced and we moved to mediums like photographs and movies, the desire to create truly 3D images or models also advanced. Start Trial For 3D Measure Up Application Creating truly 3D Models The first step towards it was stereoscopy which was used to produce an illusion of depth by presenting a 2D image to the two eyes with slight differences. The two images, viewed together, combined to give an illusion of depth and thus a stereoscopic image. However, this was the closest to 3D imaging we got. Today, with time and technology by our side, it is possible to create 3D images and models using hardware and software. Utilizing 3D scanning, it is possible to scan or analyze and collect data of any object in the real-world and then construct its 3D model. This 3D model comprises a point cloud of geometric samples on the surface of the subject. These points can then be used to extrapolate the shape of the subject and rendered or reconstructed into a 3D model which is then used for various purposes. Working Mechanism of a 3D Scanner A 3D scanner, like most cameras, has a cone-like field of view. It collects distance and colour information about surfaces within this field and the resulting "picture" it produces, describes the distance to a surface at each point in the picture. While reconstruction, this allows the three-dimensional position of each point in the picture to be identified. To produce the complete model of an object, generally, multiple scans, from many different directions are required so that enough information is gathered about all its sides. These scans are then brought into a common reference system and then merged to create a complete 3D model. 3D scanning, done for the human body, or simply put 3D body scanning, utilizes these 3D scanners to scan and create 3D models of the human body measurements or specific parts as per requirement. These 3D models are then utilized in various industries ranging from fashion and fitness to medical. Imagine walking into your favourite fashion outlet and taking just 2-3 minutes for a 3D body scan. Within minutes, your measurements are done and the representatives come up with the dresses that are going to be a perfect fit like made for you. No more umpteen trials! For medical professionals, the 3D scanners serve many purposes like helping design the perfect prosthetics. A 3D scanner, along with measurement software, can give the exact measurement of the body stump and help design the custom prosthetics that fit with ease. What’s Stopping the Wide Use? While 3D scanners might sound like the perfect solution to many problems, it isn’t easy to manoeuvre. A single 3D scanner doesn’t suffice, so we need multiple scanners that are difficult to carry around and take a lot of time to set up. The complete setup can be costly, requires proper lighting and space, and also a lot of training on the operator’s part to capture the perfect scan. The scanners then need to be integrated with CAD/CAM software to reconstruct and make use of the scans. It is imperative that a reliable, precise, and accurate measurement platform is required to make the most of the 3D body scan generated by different scanners. While that may seem discouraging for some to utilize the technology, it presents an opportunity for enthusiasts to further simplify and make 3D scanning efficient and accurate. Won’t it be fascinating if the 3D scanners were less bulky or simpler to operate or could take a lesser number of scans to generate a 3D image? And what would be even great is if they don’t need our physical presence to measure us up! Is that even a possibility? Start Trial For 3D Measure Up Application Stay tuned! Stay tuned!! We will come on these more. If you think integrating such a technology could be a game-changer for you, feel free drop in mail Author: Pankaj C. Contact us: 3dmeasureup@prototechsolutions.com 3D Measure Up

ProtoTech releases a new version (v 2.2.19044.184) of 3D Measure Up with Command Prompt Feature ProtoTech Solutions has released its latest version (v 2.2.19044.184) of 3D Measure Up with new exciting features. ProtoTech’s 3D Measure Up application allows the users to execute 3D Measure Up from the command prompt and pass input parameters (e.g. Input file name, a Scanner unit, Viewing unit, Girth type, Output folder path, calibration value and unit etc) Features of this release- Command Prompt Feature for 3D Measure UP : Implemented Command Prompt Feature for 3D Measure UP. The user can execute 3D Measure Up from the command prompt and pass input parameters (e.g. Input file name, a Scanner unit, Viewing unit, Girth type, Output folder path, calibration value and unit etc) and the final output saved as CSV and HTML. Currently available options/parameters: /F   Full path of OBJ/STL file along with the extension /OP    Full path of the folder where output files are to be placed /SU    Scanner unit in which OBJ/STL file is scanned. /VU    Unit in which OBJ/STL file is to be viewed. /S     Type of saved output. [CSV/HTML/OBJ/ALL]. /G     Type of girth. [RubberBand/TightFit] /CH    Calibrated height of model. /CU    Calibration unit. Help/Documentation: The user just needs to type "3DMeasureUp help" to get the list of available options.                     Fig 1: List of all available options  (2.2.19044.184)             Where to use: This is very useful in scenarios where the user wants to use features of 3D Measure Up: - In the background without anybody noticing it. - From within his own application code. - Run a batch file to get measurements of multiple files at a single go. Limitations: As it is an automatic process. All features involving GUI interactions cannot be supported. e.g. - Manual alignment of the model. - On-surface measurements and direct measurements. Allow the user to add dimension between any two planes Now user can add dimension between any two parallel ‘measure body planes’ How to insert a plane: Keeping CTRL key pressed, double click on the 1st plane. Keeping CTRL key pressed, double click again on the 2nd plane. A linear dimension will be inserted between these two planes if no other dimension existed between these to planes earlier. Fig 2: Linear dimensions between some common planes Allow the user to move the dimensions in GUI. Now user can just move the dimension just by dragging the dimension text (or leader lines of dimension) to a new location. About ProtoTech Solutions ProtoTech is a custom software solutions company with skills in Development of 2D/3D based Engineering applications. AR/VR App Development. 3D Desktop/Mobile/Web Visualization Engineering File formats & Data Interoperability Mobile/Web Engineering Apps Development Quality Assurance/Testing services   Contact us: 3dmeasureup@prototechsolutions.com 3D Measure Up